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Improving ADHD Teen Driving - Virtual Reality
RECRUITING
Teens with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have high rates of negative driving outcomes, including motor vehicle crashes, which may be caused by visual inattention (i.e., looking away from the roadway to perform secondary tasks). Two versions of a driving intervention that trains teens to reduce instances of looking away from the roadway will be tested in teens with ADHD.
ALL
16 years to 19 years old
Inclusion Criteria:
- Aged 16-19.
- Teens will meet DSM ADHD criteria for ADHD-Predominantly Inattentive Presentation or ADHD-Combined Presentation based on the K-SADS interview.
- Possess a valid driver's license and regularly spend at least 3 hours per week engaged in unsupervised driving.
- IQ ≥80 as measured by the Kauffman Brief Intelligence Scale - Second Edition (KBIT-2).
- Parent willing to participate.
Exclusion Criteria:
- On ADHD medication that cannot be washed out on assessment days.
- Drug or alcohol dependence based on self-report on the Simple Screening Instrument for Alcohol and Other Drugs survey.
- On psychotropic or neuroleptic medications.
- At-risk for motion sickness in the driving simulator or in virtual reality.
- History of moderate to severe head trauma, neurological disorder, or any other organic disorder that could possibly affect brain function.
- Cannot see the secondary task stimuli without the use of glasses (contacts acceptable).
BEHAVIORAL: FOCAL+, BEHAVIORAL: VR-FOCAL+
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Visual attention, Automobile Driving